Dog glomerulonephritis is a disease mainly caused by diffuse renal glomerulonephritis caused by infection. Clinically, edema, hematuria and proteinuria are characterized. According to the course of the disease, it can be divided into acute and chronic nephritis.
1. The causes of nephritis in dogs are almost all related to the immune mechanism. Because the antigen-antibody complex in the circulating blood attaches to the near glomerulus, when reinfected, reacts on the basement membrane of the glomerulus capillary, causing basement membrane damage and glomerular nephritis. Common antigens include:
1, bacteria (mostly purulent bacteria). Such as skin abscess, uterine pus;
2, parasite. Such as toxoplasma, canine nausea, etc.;
3, malignant tumors;
4, certain infectious diseases. Such as canine infectious hepatitis, canine parvovirus disease, tuberculosis, leptospirosis, etc.;
5. Toxic factors. Such as endogenous toxins, toxemia, sepsis, bacteremia, etc.;
2. Key points for diagnosis of nephritis in dogs:
a), acute nephritis:
1. The urine volume decreases, the specific gravity increases, and the urine protein increases.
2. A transparent tube type can be seen in the urine sediment. Sometimes epithelial tube type and scattered red blood cells, white blood cells, and pathogenic bacteria can be seen.
3. The sick dog is depressed, has anorexia, and sometimes vomits.
4. The kidney area is sensitive to pressure and the kidney is enlarged. The sick dog is unwilling to move, so when standing, arches the waist and tightens the abdomen, and his limbs shrink under the abdomen. When forced exercise, the gait is strong and walking in a small walk.
5. The sick dog urinates frequently, but the amount of urine is small. Some dogs may be seen with hematuria or anuria.
6. Dogs with a long course of illness may experience blood circulation disorders, total venous congestion, edema can be seen in the eyelids, lower abdomen, and ends of limbs. Some dogs may have symptoms of ascites. When uremia occurs, dyspnea, general muscle spasms, disorders of consciousness, decreased body temperature, weakness or coma may occur clinically.
b), Chronic nephritis:
1. Chronic glomerulonephritis develops slowly and has mild clinical manifestations.
2. It can be seen that the sick dog is gradually getting thinner. In the early stage, the desire for thirst increases, compensatory polyuria can reach 2 times, and the protein in the urine is significantly increased.
3. Symptoms such as edema, ulcer, uremia, and systemic failure can be seen in the later stage. Reduced protein. A large number of transparent tube types can be seen in the urine sediment.
4. The course of this disease is long. Some dogs may have recurrence, with clinical symptoms such as weight loss and anemia.
3. Measures for the prevention and treatment of dog nephritis
The treatment principles of dog nephritis are: anti-inflammatory, diuretic, inhibit immune response, and prevent uremia.
1. Anti-inflammatory: Penicillin 60,000 units/kg body weight, intramuscular injection; Penicillium ampicillium 20-40 mg/kg body weight, intramuscular injection, 2 times/day. Be careful to contraindicate kanamycin, gentamicin and sulfonamide drugs. Because this medicine has certain damage to the kidneys.
2. Diuretic: Furananiline 5 mg/kg body weight, intramuscular injection, the number of doses can be determined according to the condition.
3. Inhibit immune response: use dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg body weight, intramuscular injection; prednisone 0.5 mg/kg body weight, oral, 2 times per day.
4. Symptom-based treatment, such as detoxification, strengthening the heart, and supplementing nutrition.