How to treat cat equine salad? Causes and symptoms of Malasemic dermatitis in cats! Malassezi dermatitis in cats is usually caused by excessive proliferation of Malassezia and is very common in clinical practice, often caused by other underlying diseases, or is co-occurred with other skin diseases. It is completely different from the symptoms of phytonosis, which is a typical representative of pruritus, while phytonosis is a typical cause of hair loss.
Malassezia is a single-cell yeast with thick walls. Single-celled Malassezia are generally oval, round or cylindrical. Cells form "peanut" shape when they bud. Malassezia will be passed to the young through the reproductive tract of the mother, or postpartum licking and hair care. Most healthy animals have Malassezia in the ear canal, anal glands, fingers and the junction of the skin mucosa (lip, foreskin, vagina and anus). Other parts of the body will not appear. Malassezia stored in the mucosa can spread to the skin by licking or hair cleaning.
Malassezia may migrate to the superficial layer of the skin epidermis, as well as the stratum corneum in the hair follicle funnel area. Malassezia forms a symbiotic relationship with Staphylococcus on the epidermis. Together, create reciprocal growth factors and a good microenvironment. Therefore, pyoderma and marassezi dermatitis can often be found. Therefore, controlling the number of bacteria in treatment is ideal than antifungal alone.
1. Epidemiology
In an equilibrium state, pachymalase is a healthy animal symbiont that lives on the surface of keratinocytes. Decaprization, antifungal effects of epidermal lipids and nonspecific defense mechanisms (e.g. serum lgA) prevents its excessive value-added and infection. Malassezia has a symbiotic relationship with symbiotic Staphylococcus, and Malassezia dermatitis often involves bacterial hypervalue-addition or pyoderma. Therefore, controlling the number of bacteria in treatment is ideal than antifungal alone.
2. Pathogenesis
1. Conditional pathogen
a, When the host defense mechanism (physical, chemical, immune) is damaged, value-added and infection increase.
b, for example: atopic dermatitis, other allergies, endocrine diseases, keratinization defects, immunosuppression (FIV/FELV), previous antibiotic treatment, excessive humidity, skin wrinkles, chronic glucocorticoid treatment
2, destruction of the stratum corneum
a, pruritus damage (allergic).
b. Biochemistry: moisture, immune abnormalities, keratinization defects lead to changes in the skin surface lipids, and endocrine diseases.
C, yeast and bacterial enzymes (esterase, lipid oxidase, protease, ureaase).
3. The immune system is exposed to Malassezi antigens and products.
4. Malassezi dermatitis/hypersensitivity reaction.
Malassezi secretes various enzymes to change the pH value of the skin, activate complement and release inflammatory mediators, making the skin's microenvironment more suitable for the survival of Malassezi and Staphylococcus, and creates inflammation and itching. The warm and humid microenvironment created by special parts of the host skin (skin folds, draped lips, hairy feet), inflammation, exudation, self-licking, etc. is especially suitable for Malassezia. Keratic defects and endocrine can also increase humidity and change the quantity and quality of sebum. However, the relationship between sebum production and Malassezi proliferation is still unclear. In addition, defects in self-scraping, keratosis or metabolism can also establish a proliferation basis for Malassezia.
III. Clinical symptoms
1, erythema, yellow dandruff and scabs, greasy and foul-smelling skin.
2. Face, feet, ventral side of neck, abdomen, fingers, nail bed, skin wrinkles.
3. The secretion is yellow or brown staring otitis.
4, itchy tumors and severely ailment cats can be seen in systemic infections, staring otitis, descenditis and chin acne, susceptibility to Devincos and Sphinx cats.
4. Treatment plan
Malassezi dermatitis has a lot to do with the cat's own resistance, so it is very important to strengthen nutrition. You can give it some boiled fish and nutritional paste. It is recommended to bathe it in combination with medicinal bath.
In addition, external treatment can be used with shampoo: 2% chlorhexidine, 2% enconazole; selenium sulfide; ketoconazole; piroctone cyclopirostethanolamine with monosaccharide. Or oral:
1. Ketoconazole: 5-10mg/kg, taken with food, for 14-28 days, there may be side reactions
2. Itraconazole: 5mg/kg, with fewer side reactions and more expensive. You can take medicine once a week and stop taking medicine once a week 3. Terbinaphthol: 30-40mg/kg.
Next：None