Calcium and phosphorus are a kind of trace elements that are extremely important to the body. They are mainly stored in the body in the form of inorganic salts. When feeding cats, we should take into account all kinds of nutrition, and naturally we should pay attention to the supplement of calcium and phosphorus. We often hear that insufficient calcium and phosphorus will cause osteoporosis and rickets in cats. So how important is calcium and phosphorus to dogs and cats? The impact of calcium and phosphorus metabolism on the cat's body!
The calcium and phosphorus compounds in the body account for 65~70% of the total minerals in the body, mainly constitute bones, among which calcium in the bone accounts for 90% of the total calcium in the body, phosphorus in the bone accounts for 85% of the total phosphorus in the body, the remaining calcium is present in the blood, lymph and tissues, and the remaining phosphorus is present in various organs and tissues, mainly forming phosphoproteins, nucleoproteins, phospholipids, creatine phosphate, adenosine triphosphate, etc. are stored in cells. The main functions of calcium and phosphorus are:
1. The stent tissue that constitutes the body - bones. Bone is a metabolically active tissue that is constantly renewing and repairing in animals that are growing or growing.
2. Calcium is an activator and inhibitor of various enzymes in muscles, and is therefore related to the metabolism in the body.
3. Calcium can restrict the excitability of nerves and muscles. When the calcium concentration is lower than normal, the excitability of the preganglionic nerve and postganglionic nerve fibers increases, and in severe cases, spasms occur. When the calcium concentration is higher than normal, the excitability of muscles and nerve fibers is reduced.
4. In addition to being the main component of bones, phosphorus is also the main component of ribonucleic acid and deoxygenated nucleic acid.
5. Phosphorus is the component of creatine phosphate and adenosine triphosphate. These two substances are energy storage substances, and they are closely related to muscle contraction and metabolism.
Absorption and excretion of calcium and phosphorus:
The calcium in the body mainly comes from food, and most of it is absorbed in the upper part of the small intestine. The amount of calcium absorption is related to the calcium concentration in the intestinal tract, the body's needs and the pH in the intestinal calcification. When the acidity in the intestinal region increases, the calcium salt is easily dissolved, and therefore the absorption increases. When alkaline substances are present in the intestine, insoluble calcium - soap is formed, thereby reducing calcium absorption. Adults will increase their calcium absorption when they eat foods rich in protein. The amount of calcium absorption is consistent with the body's needs. When calcium is deficient, the rate of calcium absorption in the intestine increases, while when calcium is too much in the body, the rate of absorption decreases. 80% of the calcium intake is excreted from the feces and 20% is excreted from the kidneys. 98% of the calcium filtered from the glomerular is reabsorbed, so it is not excreted from the urine. The absorption site of
phosphorus is also in the upper part of the small intestine. Phosphate absorption increases as the intestinal acidity increases. When the phosphoric acid of calcium, magnesium, and iron plasma is combined into an insoluble salt, it is not easy to absorb. Therefore, when blood calcium increases, the concentration of calcium in the intestinal region increases, thereby hindering the absorption of phosphorus. The intake of phosphorus is excreted from feces and urine, which accounts for 60%. Regulation of plasma calcium and phosphorus levels. The daily intake and excretion of calcium and phosphorus have a dynamic balance, and the blood calcium and phosphorus levels remain relatively stable, which depends on the synergistic effect of three hormones, namely parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2-D3].
If the cats are inadequate intake of calcium and phosphorus, calcium and phosphorus metabolism diseases will be produced. The diagnosis of calcium and phosphorus metabolism diseases can generally be preliminarily judged based on the medical history and clinical symptoms. The laboratory tests the concentration of blood calcium and blood phosphorus, and the accuracy of the results detected when the instrument is free of problems is 99%. Early treatment should be paid attention to. The earlier the treatment, the faster the recovery will be, and there will be no sequelae. In addition to using vitamin D, special attention should be paid to rational feeding and allowing animals to exercise more, especially early and late. Cats with rickets have a positive effect on the recovery of the disease and supplement vitamin D.
Treatment measures can be treated with 5 to 10ml of cod liver oil once a day, and taken orally. Or vitamin D3 injection is 1500-3000 IU per kilogram of body weight, once intramuscularly, repeat once every half month.
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